Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic Heart Disease - Rheumatic Heart is one of a wide range of existing heart disease. Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which permanent damage to heart valves is caused by rheumatic fever.

Heart valves are damaged by the process of a disease that begins with a throat infection caused by the bacterium Streptococcus β hemoliticus type A (eg Streptococcus pyogenes), a bacterium that can cause rheumatic fever, with one or more of the major symptoms of acute Poliarthritis migrans, carditis , Korea minor, subcutaneous nodules, and erythema marginatum. In order to understand the disease related to heart we also need to know how to work from the heart itself. To know the heart and how it works best friend can also read about the anatomy and physiology of the heart

In some patients with acute rheumatic fever can occur other heart valve abnormalities that can result in heart valve disorders, heart failure (CHF), inflammation of the lining of the heart (pericarditis). In the United States even rheumatic heart disease is still a leading cause of heart disease called mitral stenosis (MS) and heart valve replacement in adult patients there.

The cause of rheumatic heart disease is an autoimmune reaction is expected (immune system) caused by rheumatic fever. Β haemolytic streptococcus infection in the throat group A always precedes the occurrence of rheumatic fever rheumatic fever attack both first and recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever. The disease is closely associated with upper respiratory tract infection by Streptococcus hemolyticus Group A Beta different glomerulonephritis associated with streptococcal infection of the skin and respiratory canals, rheumatic fever does not seem related to streptococcal skin infection.

Factors predisposing to rheumatic heart disease / Rheumatic Heart Disease are on the individual itself and environmental factors.

Factors of Individuals such as:

1.Factors genetik.Adanya human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) is high. HLA against rheumatic fever showed a relationship with aloantigen known B-cell specific monoclonal antibody with reumatikus status.

2.Age. Age seemed to be the most important predisposing factor in the onset of rheumatic fever / rheumatic heart disease. The disease is most often the children aged between 5-15 years with a peak around the age of 8 years. Not commonly found in children between the ages of 3-5 years and very rarely before the child is 3 years of age or after 20 years. Age distribution is said to be in accordance with the incidence of streptococcal infections in children of school age. But Markowitz found that patients with streptococcal infections are those aged 2-6 years.

3.The state of nutrition and others. The state of nutrition and lifestyle as well as any other illness could not be determined whether a predisposing factor for rheumatic fever.

4.Ethnic groups and races. North American data show that the first attack of rheumatic fever and repeated more often found in blacks compared with whites. But this data must be evaluated carefully, since environmental factors may differ in the two groups are contributing or even an actual cause.

5.Sex. Rheumatic fever is often found in young women compared with young men. But the larger data showed no difference between the sexes, although manifestations may be more common in one sex.

6.Autoimmune reactions. From the study found similarities between the parts of the cell wall polysaccharide beta-haemolytic streptococcus group A with glycoproteins in the valve may support the occurrence of myocarditis and valvulitis in rheumatic fever.

The factors of the environment itself:

1.Socio-economic situation is bad. Perhaps this is the most important environmental factor predisposing to the occurrence of rheumatic fever. The incidence of rheumatic fever in the countries that have developed, clearly declining before the era of antibiotics, including the socio-economic conditions of poor environmental sanitation is poor, residents of homes with dense, low education so sense to immediately treat the sick child is very less; income low so that the cost for health care less and others. All these things are factors that facilitate the occurrence of rheumatic fever.

2Rheumatic Heart Disease - Rheumatic Heart is one of a wide range of existing heart disease. Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which permanent damage to heart valves is caused by rheumatic fever. Heart valves are damaged by the process of a disease that begins with a throat infection caused by the bacterium Streptococcus β hemoliticus type A (eg Streptococcus pyogenes), a bacterium that can cause rheumatic fever, with one or more of the major symptoms of acute Poliarthritis migrans, carditis , Korea minor, subcutaneous nodules, and erythema marginatum. In order to understand the disease related to heart we also need to know how to work from the heart itself. To know the heart and how it works best friend can also read about the anatomy and physiology of the heart
In some patients with acute rheumatic fever can occur other heart valve abnormalities that can result in heart valve disorders, heart failure (CHF), inflammation of the lining of the heart (pericarditis). In the United States even rheumatic heart disease is still a leading cause of heart disease called mitral stenosis (MS) and heart valve replacement in adult patients there.

The cause of rheumatic heart disease is an autoimmune reaction is expected (immune system) caused by rheumatic fever. Β haemolytic streptococcus infection in the throat group A always precedes the occurrence of rheumatic fever rheumatic fever attack both first and recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever. The disease is closely associated with upper respiratory tract infection by Streptococcus hemolyticus Group A Beta different glomerulonephritis associated with streptococcal infection of the skin and respiratory canals, rheumatic fever does not seem related to streptococcal skin infection.



Factors predisposing to rheumatic heart disease / Rheumatic Heart Disease are on the individual itself and environmental factors.
Factors of Individuals such as:
Factors genetik.Adanya human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) is high. HLA against rheumatic fever showed a relationship with aloantigen known B-cell specific monoclonal antibody with reumatikus status.
Age. Age seemed to be the most important predisposing factor in the onset of rheumatic fever / rheumatic heart disease. The disease is most often the children aged between 5-15 years with a peak around the age of 8 years. Not commonly found in children between the ages of 3-5 years and very rarely before the child is 3 years of age or after 20 years. Age distribution is said to be in accordance with the incidence of streptococcal infections in children of school age. But Markowitz found that patients with streptococcal infections are those aged 2-6 years.
The state of nutrition and others. The state of nutrition and lifestyle as well as any other illness could not be determined whether a predisposing factor for rheumatic fever.
Ethnic groups and races. North American data show that the first attack of rheumatic fever and repeated more often found in blacks compared with whites. But this data must be evaluated carefully, since environmental factors may differ in the two groups are contributing or even an actual cause.
Sex. Rheumatic fever is often found in young women compared with young men. But the larger data showed no difference between the sexes, although manifestations may be more common in one sex.
Autoimmune reactions. From the study found similarities between the parts of the cell wall polysaccharide beta-haemolytic streptococcus group A with glycoproteins in the valve may support the occurrence of myocarditis and valvulitis in rheumatic fever.
The factors of the environment itself:
1.Socio-economic situation is bad. Perhaps this is the most important environmental factor predisposing to the occurrence of rheumatic fever. The incidence of rheumatic fever in the countries that have developed, clearly declining before the era of antibiotics, including the socio-economic conditions of poor environmental sanitation is poor, residents of homes with dense, low education so sense to immediately treat the sick child is very less; income low so that the cost for health care less and others. All these things are factors that facilitate the occurrence of rheumatic fever.

2.Weather Changer an abrupt weather often results in the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections increased, thus also increasing the incidence of rheumatic fever.
Climate and geography. Rheumatic fever is a disease cosmopolitan. Most diseases found in areas of temperate climates, but lately the data shows that the tropics have a high incidence, higher than previously suspected. Areas are located rather high incidence of rheumatic fever seems to be higher than in the lowlands.
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